Kanjani Ukukhetha Phakathi KweSteel Ebunzima Phansi NaseHigh Carbon

Ukufundisa Izinhlobo Ezihlukene Ezifundamental Eziphakathi Kwizinyathelo Zokwenza Issteel

Ukwenza kwe steel kushintshile kakhulu ngeminyaka engaphezu kwesikhulu, ngubunikazi obunzima buhlungu okubalulekile okuyinto eyirisela izici nezisebenza zomlando. Izingxenye ezahluke-ahluke zebunzima ezinawe issteel zingahlaza kakhulu izici zakho, kusukela ekulawuleni ku tensile strength. Abayebezayo namabhayinjini manje kumele bahluphele kakhulu lezi zici xa bekukhetha isidingo esingcono seprojekt layo.

Umlando wemfazwe onzulu wathola umyalo oqinile kumthwalo wakhabhoni ekwakha kwamafutha, ukwenzela izigaba ezithile ezingconyelwa kizidingo ezithile zezimali. Nakuba uyakha izibhamu zokudla noma ukhiqiza izihlalo ezinkulu, ukukhetha phakathi kwezikhala ezincane nezikhala ezininzi zikhabhoni kungaba yisahluko phakathi kokuphumelela nokuhluleka kweprojekthi.

Iziphawu nezinhloso zezikhala ezincane zikhabhoni

Umbhalo futhi uhlaka

Phantsi insimbi Yekhabhoni , ebhalekisa phakathi kwe-0.05% ne-0.25% wokuthutha kwakhabhoni, kusenza iseti esihlukile sokuthi kuyisivumelwano esikhulu. Inani elincane kakhulu lwekhabhoni kusenzi umfanekiso opholile ngempilo enhle. Lo hlelo lwesikhala sekhabhoni selula kakhulu ngaphandle kwe-ferrite, okunxene kokoqobo kwayo kanye nokwandisa indlela yokwakha.

Umboniso wokukhanya kwesithuthi esincane sikaKhabhoni kumelana nokuguquka okunzima kwe-molekiyuli, okubangela ukuba kube lula kakhulu kunazo ezinye izithuthi eziphakeme kakhulu ngekhabhoni. Lokhu kumenza kube yisici esihle kakhulu ekusebenziseni uma kudingeka ukufakwa nokugaya.

Izinteko Zokwakha Nezindlela Zokuphatha

Umthetho wokwakha iSithuthi Esincane SikaKhabhoni sikhulu kakhulu sisezimalini futhi sibe yimali engcono. Ukuncipha kwekhabhoni kumelana nokuthi kulinganiselwe ngempini, kugcinwa, nokufakwa ngaphandle kokudinga kwemithetho eyodwa yokulahla ngotempilethe. Lomkhawulo uphathelene kahle nezindlela zokusebenza ngaphansi kotempilethe encane futhi kungasheshwa ukufakwa emigabeni enobunkemkani ngaphandle kokugayayo noma kuphuluphuliwe.

Abakhi abathandabuzwa ngendlela ethembekile yomkhawulo wesithuthi esincane sikaKhabhoni ngemuva kokuphathwa, ngoba kudinga ulawulo oluncane kumatempilethe futhi kungasebenze ngendlela eyahlukene ngaphandle kokuchitha ubunzima bokukhona. Lezi zici zimelana nokuthi kube yimali engcono kumaqiniso amakhulu.

Izinkcazo nezisebenziso zeHigh Carbon Steel

Izici zeBulukwe nezobuhlungu

IGolide enezinkinga eziningi, ebhala kuyo ikhabhoni kusuka ku-0.60% ukuya ku-1.25%, inika izici ezibalaseleyo zokubulala nokwanda. Ukongeneyo kwekhabhoni kwenza indawo ephakeme yezinto zakhabhoni ngaphakathi kwesandla se-iron, okunika ukuqina okuphelele kokuqina kanye nokwaziwa okungcolile ekugcineni isimo. Lezi zici zenza kube khetha okufanele ekusebenzisweni okudinga ubulukane nobuhlungu.

Ukukhona kwemithombo yokugcina ubume bokuthinta emehlweni emibi kwenza kube yinto engalinywa kumathuba amaningi akhiqiziwe. Kusuka kizikhwelo ezinezinkinga eziningi kuya kizimpahla eziphazanyayo, igolide enezinkinga eziningi inikeza imiphumela embalwa emehlweni ethintekayo.

Ukuncipha kanye Nezidingo Zokuchitheka

Ukusebenza nokhanda okuphakade kufuna ukuqasha okucacile ekuphatheni kwemithetho yokunwela. Kudingeka ukuthi umkhanda uphathelwe ngokucophelela ekunikelwa nokususa ubushane, ukuze kuphumelele izici ezifanele, kanye nezikhathi zokunwela eziphethile ukuze kuqhambanise amandla nesivimba. Abasebenzi besayensi yamakhanda kumele bahlawule ngokucophelela le mithetho ukuze bangavikeli isivimba esingafuneki noma izixhobo phakathi.

Ubuncaneke bekuphatha okuphakade buhlala buquka izindleko eziningi zokwakha, kodwa izici ezihle zokusebenza zibonakala njengomthelela owodwa kubasindiso apho amandla nemprophosheli yezimali ziphakeme.

Imigomo Yokukhetha Ngokwesicaba

Izinkinga Zokuhlola Umphathi

Xa kukhethwa phakathi komkhanda ongezansi nomkhanda ophezulu, iziqondiso zangaphandle ziduma indima eyinkimbinkimbi. Umkhanda ongezansi usenza ngcono ekulungiseni izinkinga zokuhlwempisa emangalisweni angcono, futhi kungcono kubasindiso ngaphandle ngenkinga yokulungiswa kwesayizi. Kodwa-ke, umkhanda ophezulu ungadinga izinqumo ezifinyelelayo ukuze akuvikele ekulungisweni.

Imithetho yesimo sezulu, ukuthiwa kuziziphumo, nezinkinga zokusebenza ziyaphatha indlela ekhethwa ngayo imiboniso. Abasebenzi basejinjeli kumele bahlola kahle lezi zinto eziphathelene nendawo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umfanekiso ohlukile wokuba usebenze ngendlela efanele ngokuphelele kwisikhathi esivalelwe.

Uhlobo Lwendlela Lokungena-Lokunceda

Izinkinga zomnotho wokukhetha umfanekiso kufa ngaphandle kokuthengiswa kuqala. Isteeli encane yakhosi ihlanganisa izindleko ezincane ezibalweni futhi izindleko eziphansi zokuhlelwa, kodwa kungcono kakhulu kumasebe amakhulu anezindleko ezimbi. Isteeli enkulu yakhosi, nakuba ikhululekile kakhulu kuqala, kungaba yizindleko eziphansi kumasebenzi apho ubukhona nobude bebusika bubalulekile.

Abaphathisi bemisebenzi kumele bakhathazekile ngazo zonke izindleko zomlando wesiprojekthi, kubandakanywa ukulungiswa, izikhathi zokushintsha, nokuthi kungaba khona isikhathi esingavuliwe xa kuyakhetwa umfanekiso. Uhlolo olugcwele lwesilinganiso sezigaba kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umfanekiso ohlukile uyafaniwe kanye nezidingo zezinhlelo zasejinjelini kanye nezindleko ezingavikivi.

Amathrendi Afuthe Ekwenzeni Isteeli

Imininingwane Yezindlela

Umkhakha wensimbi uyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngezinqubo ezintsha zokukhiqiza nezinhlelo zokulawula ezithuthukile. Ubuchwepheshe obusha benza kube nokwenzeka ukulawula ngokuqondile okuqukethwe i-carbon kanye nesakhiwo sayo esincane, okuholela ekuphuculeni izakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo nokuvumelana. Lolu hlelo lubaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izinhlobo ezikhethekile zensimbi yekhabhoni zokusetshenziswa okusha.

Ukuzenzakalela nobuhlakani bokufakelwa kuguqula izinqubo zokulawula ikhwalithi, kuvumela abakhiqizi ukuba bagcine ukubekezelelana okuqinile futhi banciphise ukuguquguquka kwezakhiwo zezinto ezibonakalayo. Lezi zinguquko zenza insimbi ephansi nephakeme nge-carbon ithembeke futhi ibonakale kahle.

Imithwisto Yokuphila

Ukuqaphela imvelo kuholela ezinguqukweni ezibalulekile ekukhiqizeni insimbi. Abakhiqizi bathuthukisa izindlela zokukhiqiza ezihlanzekile futhi bahlola izindlela zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-carbon ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Lokhu kugxila ekuzinzeni kuthinta izinqubo zokukhiqiza kanye nezakhiwo zokugcina zemikhiqizo yensimbi yekhabhoni.

Umkhakha futhi ubona ukugcizelelwa okwandayo kwemigomo yokuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha kanye nomnotho ojikelezayo, nabakhiqizi bethola izindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisa kabusha nokusebenzisa kabusha izinto zensimbi. Lezi zinhlelo zenza ikusasa lokukhiqiza insimbi futhi zithonya izinqumo zokukhetha izinto zokusetshenziswa.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Yini eyenza insimbi enekhabhoni eningi ibize kakhulu kunensimbi enekhabhoni encane?

Insimbi enekhabhoni eningi inamanani aphezulu ngenxa yenqubo yayo yokukhiqiza eyinkimbinkimbi, edinga ukulawulwa okuqondile kwezimo zokucubungula nokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imishini ekhethekile nobuchwepheshe obudingekayo ekusebenzeni ngensimbi enekhabhoni eningi bufaka isandla ezindlekweni zayo eziphakeme.

Ingabe insimbi enekhabhoni encane ingaqiniswa njengensimbi enekhabhoni eningi?

Nakuba insimbi enekhabhoni ephansi ingabhekana nokwelashwa kokuqina komhlaba, ayikwazi ukufinyelela ezingeni elifanayo lobulukhuni njengensimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu ngezindlela zendabuko zokwelashwa kokushisa. Ukuqukethwe kwayo okuphansi kwe-carbon kuvimbela ikhono layo lokwakha ama-microstructures anzima kakhulu afana nensimbi ephezulu ye-carbon.

Ukuqukethwe i-carbon kukuthinta kanjani ukufakwa kwensimbi?

Okuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-carbon ngokuvamile kuholela ekuboshweni okungcono, njengoba impahla ingathambekele kakhulu ekuqhekekeni futhi idinga ukwelashwa okuncane kokushisa ngaphambi nangemva kokushisela. Insimbi enekhabhoni eningi idinga izinqubo zokushisela ezicophelela ngokwengeziwe futhi ngokuvamile idinga izindlela ezikhethekile zokuvimbela ukwehluleka kokushisela.