Ukuphakamisa kweTube yeStainless Steel: Ukugcina ukunciphisa kwiChemical Processing Plants

Amachallenge Apho Lunciphiso kwiChemical Processing Environments

Izicwangciso zeRisk Apho Lunciphiso ngamanye amacala

Kwiindlela zokuphatha amagcinzelo, ukusetyenziswa kwezintshane ezindwendwe zomstalayesi ngamakhemikali okugcinza njengamasi nezi alkalis zingabheka ukuthi uzophuhlula lokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza. Izikhemikali zakuxhumana ngephakathi lomdlalo, ukuze udibane indlela yezilondolozo zokuqinisekisa lokwesibhedlela, esidinga ukuba umthombo wakwakhiwe. Umthetho wesikhashana sesintu leElecotrochemical Science uvumela ukuthi iifailure zokunciphisa zihamba phakathi kwabantfu besebenzisa amakhemikali, ubungakanako ukuthi kuhlanganisiwe ngaphandle kokunyelekileyo kwezi zinto eziphathelene namakhemikali. Ngokusetyenziswa kwezi zikhemikali ezincinci ezincinca ziyisulphuric acid nehydrochloric acid, ezidinga izintshane ezindwendwe zomstalayesi ezitholakale ukunciphisa olunqwenqwane oluthiwa ngokushaya 316L, eyayaziwa ngokuthi inakho ukunciphisa olunqwenqwane. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi kuhluke ukubuya nokuthi kufuneka ukwazi amakhemikali akusebenzayo ukukhetha isimo samstalayesi esiqhathanjisiweyo.

Iindlela zenkululeko zeTemperatures kunye nePressure

Izimbali ezifanekiso kanye nezinye eziphumaphakathi kwi-process yokukhetha amakhemikali zingabheka ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwesayintsha esikhuhlane sisho umthombo wendlela yokuhlala wesasiteli. Ukusetyenziswa ngamandla okubanzi, izithombe zizoshintsha ngecorrosion amarates ngokupheleleyo, lokhu kuyenza ukufa. Izibalo zikhophe ukuthi izinhlobo zezulu ezivariyengi zizozohlola i-corrosion amarates ngokusho 50%, uzokusondela ukuthi kufanele ukuba amathathu ahlaliswe asebenze ngazo. Ngokugcina, isibiko sesayithi esikhundleni se-American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) sikhethe ukuthi usuketseni olungaphezu kwalokhu lavela ngokwesayintsha sokuhlala, lokhu kwenza ukudla kumkhawulo we-time. Ngakho ke, ukukhetha igreyedi yesasiteli esihlalise ngokukhule kwezulu nokuphumaphakathi kufanele ukuthi ukuhlobene nokusebenza kuhlanganise.

Amamkani Akuhlala Kwesasiteli Lesasiteli

Uphawuli Wesikhromiwe Yophrotheksheni

Umlimi wokhromide wesiStainless Steel uhlanganisa amandla apho akususa phakathi kwezilungiselelo ezifana nezikhono. Ukhiqiza kweStainless Steel ngokwesibhatho, iKhromium esihlukene ngekhomboni lokunye kunye nokufika lehliziyo oluncane kodwa lomphumeleyo. Lelungiselelo lokuhlola luhamba ukusuka izinhlobo ezincane zokuphucukeleka nokulungiswa kanye nokulungiselela amadoda angaphandle kweStainless Steel. Ngokwemibuzo yamakhumbi, umphumeleyo wehliziyo lwakhe luvavanye ngokubonakalisi phakathi kwezindawo eziningi, uzama ukuthiwe ukuba kahle kwiindlela zokusebenza. IStainless Steels elihlukene ngehliziyo lapho luhlala luyayiphi ndlela yokugcina kokuthi kakhulu ngokushesha ukusuka izilungiselelo ezinomsindo nokudabula, ngokubonakalisi phakathi kwezitshato ezivavanyekayo zokuphucuka kwezilungiselelo.

Umgomo Wokuhlola Kwemoya

I-Molibhidi yonakala ngokushesha ukuphinda-phindaphindisa lokungabuyiselwa kwezinkathelo ezincinci nezinyezi elingezantsi, okanye ngezikhaya ezidingekileyo. Ukusuka kwesi-metali kwi-loya lesi-stainless steel lizama ukuthatha umdabu wokubuyiselwa ngokufundiswa kokuphindephindela izinkinga zokukhululekileyo. Izibophezulu zokuqinisekisa zikadabiwe ngokuba i-loya lehlukene nemolibhidi lichasene ngendlela encekelayo kunye nokuhlola kakhulu kumaziphiwo eziphambili. Kwiqhopho nokumvula, amagreyde amahluke amahlukene amaningi amalimi amandleni, aphoqele isenzo sokugcina ngokuthi sihlola ngendlela yokuziphindaphindela kwezinto ezincedisiyo.

Umbiko Wesikhombisa Esilayini Kwamava

Ukuphakamiswa okuncane kwezilungu zesiCarbon eziStainless Steel ezinethile zikohlisele ukusuka komhlaba kwezindlela ezifuneka, ngisho ngokubhekisisa ukusukela nge-precipitation yesiCarbon, futhi ukuba aphumelele umthombo wokugcina ukucabanga kwesikhatsi esisetyenziselweni. Ukuba usetyenziswa wesicelo siphinde siyinye, isiphumo sokudibana ngaphandle kokuthi kuhlabele ekufaneleyo kuzoba kuhlala kakhulu lokulula amaxesha engasetyenziswa. Amagcinisi amanani akhushwe ukuba abheke izidingo ezincinci zokugcina ukucabanga kumalayithi ethile, okuningi lokulula ukuba kufanele lapho kulandelayo ukuze kube kudingekileyo. Izidilinga zomphilo zazihlonipha ukusetshenziswa kwezi sicelo zesicelo sesicelo somhlaba ngokuba zingabonisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo ezinomsindo nokucabanga, uzokususa ukuba kudingekileyo ngokusebenzela ukwakhiwa kwezindawo.

Ukukhetha Geyidi Yezinto Ezichemikali

ukusebenza Okungenani Ngokuthi Stainless Steel 304 kunye ne-316

Ukufunda amaholo angaphezulu phakathi kwe-304 kunye ne-316 stainless steel kuhluke kakhulu lokuhlola ukubala isimo esibonayo lapho kusetyenziswa ngokuphi imali yokuqinisekisa kwechemikali. Ukuphambili okulandelayo kungaphezulu phakathi komphendulo nesipho esizobuyileyo. Ngokuvamile, i-316 stainless steel ingena imoliyedheni, eyayiqhuba ngokushesha ukuphakamisana kwake kumthetho wokugcina phakathi kweenvini zomlomo. Ngaphandle, i-304 stainless steel, esingakwazi ukuba ngokuthuthukisi kunye nokusetshenziswa ngokupheleleyo, ayingeni imoliyedheni, ezoba ukuhlaba kakhulu ngokuthi kusihlangene ngeemgwaqangi. Amalayithi akwamanje akwamukelwa ngazo; ngokuvamile, izikhono zomlalo ziyathanda i-316 ngokuba yayiphakeme kakhulu phakathi kweemvula enjini emanzele. Izibophezelo zokusebenza kunye neziqhawekazi zombuzo zazihlinzekela lezo zityalo, zibeza ukudibanisa okungavunyelwe phakathi kwezi sicwangciso sikhethekileyo kanye nokuthi siphinde sihlale kakhulu ngokusebenzela ngokubona ukuthi ubani obhalele umlando omkhulu wokusetyenziswa ngokuphi umali wesicwangciso esidingiweyo. Iindlela zokuxhasa zaze zibuyekezele amaholo amaningi, bezibonisa ukuthi i-304 iyahlala khona ngokuthabatha kwiindawo ezidingiweyo namhlanje ngaphandle kokuthi i-316 iyahlala khona ngokubona kakhulu phakathi kweendawo ezifanele nokuthi zingaphansi kakhulu.

ukhulu kwe-316L ngokulandelana nge-Chloride

i-316L stainless steel inakho ukuthi kuzama kwi-chloride ezikhulu, njenge-marine applications, ngokukhangelwa kakhulu lokungabhedeleka. Ukuncedisi olupheleleyo lapha kwenziwa ngokubuyela kwe-316L uphindaphinda ukusensitiva okufuneka ngendlela yokuhlanganiswa, uzama ukugcina amandla akho apho kukhona izinto ezingasiza. Amalungekho angamathathu asesusa lokhu, ukuzebophe ziqale eliphantsi kunye ne-304 stainless steel ngokulandelana nge-chloride ezikhulu. Izicelo zokwanelela ezilindele ekhethweni lezimateriale ngokuhlala kumazibuko eziphumayo, njengamasawuti nokusebenza sase-salt, i-316L ifanele kuqinisekisa. Lolu hlobo lokuhlola lingahambisana namanje yezinto ezizenzakalo kuhlanganisela ukukhetha amamateriale ngokuhlala kakhulu kunye nokuhlola kumazibuko eziphumayo.

Ukulungisa Ngemva kokucacile kakhulu lokungabhedeleka

Amaphrothokololo zakulungisa lokuhlola Ukudluleka Kwemayiphi

Kunokugcinwa ukuthi ngalokusho kuhlala lokungabuyiselwa okulandelayo kwezinye zokuphucula kwemibhalo yezintsha ezindala, amaphawu angakho ongqamukelanga. Izimo ezikhoyo zokuhlola zihlola izindlela ezinomsindo, uhlolwano oluzobonisa, uhlolwano olwesondolozo lwesayithi, kunye nazo zokusetyenziswa ukuvuma amahhadi akusetshe umoya wokuphucula nokuphazamiseka. Izinhlobo zokuhlola ezifundekayo zisiza ukuthi amaphawu akhulwe ngemuva kwezinyawo ezimbili ngokwesikhatsi esikhulu kunye nezi zokuqala ngokwesikhatsi esikhulu kwiindawo ezidingekileyo. Amakhosi wezindawo zingazama ukuthi kuhlanganisiwe ukubuyisela kumaphawu, ngoba lokhu kungafuneka ukubuyiselwa ukuba akhuseleke amaxhalelo apha. Ukusetshenziswa kokulandelana ngezimo ezilandelene kungavikela ukuthi imibhalo yakhiwe kunye nokuthi uzimvume ukusetyenziswa kwezintsha ezindala. Ngokusetshenziswa kwezimpawu ezizibuyiselo, izindawo zakhiwe ukuthi zihlinzelele isenzo sokudinga kunye nokufinyelela kwezintsha ezindala ezindala efaka.

Izimo Zokulima Ukuze Ususiwe Okulingasebenzi

Amasiko amahle yokulima kuhluke kakhulu lokugcina ukuze ushikhe umnotho nokuphumelela kwezilondolozi ezincane zesiStainless Steel. Izinsuzwano ezidinga, njengomoya, i-grease noma amaparticulate, azikhishwe kunye nokuba zisetyenziswa ukusibeka isinqumo esikhulu sekuvulekileyo ukuba zihlabe ngaphandle kokuthi zibuyiselwe ngokushesha. Amasiko angamaHigh-pressure water jetting, chemical cleaning, kunye nosteam cleaning zisetshenziswa ngakuvamile lokukhipha izinsuzwano ezidinga. Inyanga yekasi yindlela yatholakala kwiimbali embi yokubuyiselwa, ukusure ukuba uphethwe okanye olungabuyiselwayo kwezinto ezinikezayo. Iindawo zezisebenzi zithola amandla apha apho zingaba amacala okanye olungabuyiselwayo ezintsha ezinikezayo ezinakho ukuthi asiphumeleye isifundo sesiStainless Steel. Ukusebenza kwezimali ezinhle zokubuyiselwa, izindawo zezisebenzi zizohluleka ukusuka ukukhipha imigomo yokubuyiselwa kunye nokusetshenziswa kweminye imigomo yokubuyiselwa ezinakho ukuthi asiphumeleye isifundo sesiStainless Steel. Ngokufaka kwezimali ezinhle zokubuyiselwa, izindawo zezisebenzi zizohluleka ukusuka ukukhipha imigomo yokubuyiselwa kunye nokusetshenziswa kweminye imigomo yokubuyiselwa ezinakho ukuthi asiphumeleye isifundo sesiStainless Steel.