Ngaphi Iziphetho eZweni ezifanayo kwiStainless Steel Zicophuhlwa Kuyingxenye Yobunzima Okufanele kweGcina ukusuka kwePhrojekthi yezindlela

Ugcino Lwesibonelo Ngokukhulu KwiMgwaqo Emdumelekini

Imvume Yechromium kunye NeNickel Kuhlukelela Ukungakhotholi

Yini engqina isiteleni esikhanyayo yokungcola? Kulungile, konke kubangelwa yizinto eziphambene nechromium ne-nickel. Uma sibheka ngakunye, le chromium iyahlukisa amandla aphakathi. Yenza le oxide ephansi kwayo yisikweletu esimame okuphela kwezinto ezifuna ukulwa kwezicathami. Okuqukethwe kulo moya ukuthi uma kuchithwa noma kuphulwa kanjani, kuyilungisa ngokwenzeka. Le Nickel ayinalo isidingo sokungena ngaphakathi. Le yinto engqina ukuthi isiteleni singcono ukuthi kuthathe isimo esithile, ngakumbi xa kuthathwa ngokulawulwa kwezinto. Iningi lezinkinga zidinga ngokupelanga 10.5% chromium ukuthi kuthathe isimo sokungcola. Ngaleyo ndlela siyabona isiteleni esikhanyayo emakhaya, kwezindlela zokusebenza apho izintlengo ezingcono kuzokhipa ngemva kwezikhathi. Ukuxhumiwa kwezinto kusebenza ngokukhulu ukuthi abasebenzisi kuthathe ukuthi kuthathe isimo esithile noma kuzo zimo eziphambene.

Ukubonisa ngesintuthi sezincane kunye nechuma ezinhlanganisayo

Kumaqo kwezinkomba zokubanjwa, isiteleni esibovu sikhona kakhulu lapho kuhlolwa ngeziteleni zenkosi nezilumbe. Isiteleni senkosi esijwayelekile sisingathi ukungena esibovweni njengoba isiteleni esibovu kwenza, ngakho kuhlukahluka kakhulu, kudinga kakhulu emkhambeni noma emadwaleni amaningi. Yebo, izilumbe ingenthe ngokwehlile, kepha akwazi ukuthi kuthane noma ukuphila okudala noma ukukhululekile okudingekayo kwezinkomba eziphambene. Sebenzisa izinkomba zokugxoka noma izinhlobo zokwenza amachemikhali. Izivivinywa zokusebenza kubonile ukuthi iziteleni esibovu zingahlala kakhulu kuthathu amashumi athathu kulinganisa neziteleni zenkosi ezifanayo ezifactory noma ezimboni. Lokhu kuyindlela yokuthi kuvikeleke futhi kwenzeke ngemali kudala lapho izindleko zokubuyisa zingaphansi kakhulu.

Ukusebenza Okuthile Kwamavuthe Ngenqanawe Nezingxenyeni

Xa sibheka emakhaya apho izinto kufanele zilinde ngokude, ngakumbi emasontweni nezilungiselelo ezichemical, isiteleni yesiliva sibonakala ngokukhulu. Iindlela ezichemical zimelela kakhulu kwiindlela eziyisiliva ngokukhawuleza, ukwakhiwa kwezicuku nezindlela eziphambene nezithixo zokuthiwa ngemva kwezikhathi. Kodwa akunjalo ngeyohlobo le siliva. Kwiindlela ezichemical ezisebenzisa izinto ezikhangelene, le ndlela isebenza ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezingcono kunezinye izinto ezifumaneka kuleli xesha. Kunezilwanyana ezithile zombuso ezibonisa ngqo ukuthi isiteleni yesiliva ibhola amaqela wokulandela ngama-85 phoquntana xa kuthiwa kwiindlela zokuphumelela. Futhu lokhu kuthiwa yini kumasepeli? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi babuyise amagqabi ngalo msele kuba luthile. Lokhu kungcono kakhulu kumasepeli apho ukuphula kwenza amathuluzi, lokhu kungenzeka ukuthi kuhlele kakhulu kwezinye izimo ngaphandle kokuthakatha amathuluzi.

Umfumo Wenkabi Nomthetho Womoya Ohlanganisiweyo

Ukusebenza Okuphakathi Umgangatho 1900°F

Okwesibiliwe kakhulu yindlela esebenza ngayo isiliva esingenhla ngaphandle kokuphelela amandla noma isimo. Kukhona amathayipi amathisekelo asiliva asingenhla, okungukuthi amaloyi we-Inconel, athothwe ngokuthi akwenzeke ngokulungile kakhulu kungeza kwezinye izigaba. Izivivinyo zibonisa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zingasebenza kahle kumaqondo okungenani ama-1900 Fahrenheit ngaphambi kokuthi zilale noma zingilale. Kumaqondo afunayo ukusebenzela ngokukhanya okuningi njengokwehlukaniswa kwezinhlanzi nezokwenza izinhlobo zemoto, le nkalisho yekhanda iyahlukisa konke. Abasebenzi basebenzisa lezi zici xa bathiwa ngezinhlobo efunayo ukusebenza ngokuthuluthule emaqondweni amaningi.

Umkhuhlane Wokubanjwa Ngenqanawe Noma Ukulamba

Yini eyenza insimbi engagqwali ikhetheke kangaka? Yebo, iyamelana nazo zonke izinhlobo zokucindezeleka okungokwemvelo nokugqoka okuvamile. Yingakho abakhiqizi beqhubeka bebuyela kuyo lapho bedinga okuthile okungakwazi ukubhekana nezimo ezinzima. Le nto ayigqekezi noma iphule ngaphansi kwengcindezi njengoba kwenza abanye abaningi. Futhi lokhu kuqina kusho ukuthi imishini ayidingi ukulungiswa njalo noma ukushintshwa kwezingxenye, okusindisa imali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma sibheka okwenzekayo ezindlini zokukhiqiza kulezi zinsuku, kunobufakazi obubonisa ukuthi izingxenye zensimbi engagqwali ziphila cishe isigamu sesikhathi esifanayo nezingxenye zazo ezenziwe ngezinto ezihlukile. Akumangalisi ukuthi izinkampani ziyaqhubeka zitshala imali kulensimbi naphezu kwezindleko eziphakeme zokuqala.

Ukuthi Imibuzwana Ngemvume Kakhulu Kwesikhathi Esiphambili

Izinto ezingenakho umoya zikhuphela ukuthi amathekithi ayiphindiswe ngokushesha, okuyindlela encane yekhono lokusebenza kahle kakhulu ngemva nemva yeminyaka engcono. Le ndawo ingasebenzi ngokuphelele futhi ingasibi, ngakho amakhampani kudinga ukubuyisa amaphethini ngokushesha, okwenza uthotho olungcono kakhulu. Izinkomba zokusebenzela kahle zibonisa ukuthi amakhampasi esebenzisa amaphethini wezinto ezingenakho umoya abe namathimeleli angaphansi kwezinye izinto, ngemva kwezinye i-30 years noma ngaphezulu kabili ngaphambi kokuthi kudingekwe ukulungiswa okukhulu. Ngaphezulu kokuqondile kahle, le ndawo ibonisa ukuthi kuyindlela encane yekhono lokusebenza kahle kakhulu ngemva nemva yeminyaka ngazo zonke izinhawu zokwenza, ukunika amakhampani ukuthula kwemindaba nokuthola amaphesenti amaningi lapho bezohlanga le nto kakhulu.

Izicatshulwa Ezimdabuko Zokusebenza

Amasakhiwo (C Channels, I Beams)

Izicathami esilayiniwe ngokwezokwelapha nezibhobho zokugcina zinethemba elikhulu kweqenya ngoba zinikeza amandla angcono ngaphandle kokudibanisa iphazimisele. Abasebenzisa yabo bakithanda futhi futhi lezi zinto zingasebenzela ngokulawulwa kwezindleko kodwa zikhona kakhulu ukwenza amadlikiwe akhulise. Kunesicelo esithile esebonza ukuthi izindlu ezinezokwelapha zokugcina ngokwezokwelapha zinokulawulwa kwezindleko ezinkulu kunazo ezinye izindlu ezakhiwe ngezinye izinto. Ngokuvacwatshelwa, izindlu eziphezulu kakhulu, izindlu zasekhaya ezintsha zisebenzisa kakhulu lezi zinto ezokugcina ukuba fikelela kwezinkundla ezilula. Kusukela kuma skyscrapers kuya kumaqoqo aphakathi kwezindaba, izicathami nezibhobho zokugcina ziyahlukanisa kakhulu ukuthi kungani zilungile kakhulu kweqenya lelilodwa.

Amanzi amanqaku nokutholeka Amagama

Umculo weminyongo nezinyanga wasebenzisa kakhulu i-stainless steel kuzo ziphatho nezinkawulo zazo ngoba iyahlanya ngokuhambisana nezinyawo nezokwehliswa. Le ndlela iyisisekelo esibalweni ngenkathi kuhlawulwa nekugcinwa kwezinhloso ezingaphandle kwezinyawo okanye izinhloso. Kuhlanganise neziphatho eziyinkimbini, i-stainless steel zilapha kakhulu kabefore kuthathwa phela. Ngaphezulu, kuthatha fela izindleko eziphakeme zokulungisa ezithintwa yizindawo eziningi. Izinqubomgomo ezithile zasebenzisa i-stainless steel kuhlela kuthi kunezindleko ezingaba ngama-40% ngaphansi xa kubeke iisteel eziphambene nezinye izinto zazo. Kuba ngokusebenzisa kuzo zindlela eziphambene, lezi zindleko zihlanganisa ngokwehla ngokudlula kwesikhathi.

Amasistimu Asemanqaku Kube Ngezisekelo Zobungakanani

Iingxenye zokwenza nezokusebenza zokubhanti ziyahlala ngezixhobo eziphambene nezokuhlathwa kakhulu zokugcina ubulalekileyo. Umjane wokubhanti ubunjwa kakhulu ukuhlathwa kwaye kufanele kuhlathwe ngokugcina, oko kunceda ukuthi bakteriya ayikhanyiswe endaweni yokuqala. Zonke iintlobo zokwenza nezokusebenza zokubhanti ziyahlala ngezixhobo eziphambene nezokuhlathwa kakhulu zokugcina ubulalekileyo. Iindlela zokubhanti nezokusebenza zokubhanti ziyahlala ngezixhobo eziphambene nezokuhlathwa kakhulu zokugcina ubulalekileyo.

Amavambo Akhiwo Amaqinisekisi

Ukufunda amavambo akhiwo kweStainless Steel akungakungapheli ukubonisa ukuthi ngaba apho amaqathelo okanye amahlobo angahlala khona ngokubhedliseleyo kwezinye izindlela ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo. Iiqinisekisi ezinhloko ezintshangeni ezifanele kuzo zihlala khona ngokubhedliseleyo kwezinye izindlela, kwiinkxaso kokubhedliswa kwiingxenye zokubhedliswa.

Izibophezelo ze-Austenitic Stainless Steel

I-steel esine esiya ngokulula sinye yezinto ephathelene nezinye zokuthi yinkululeko kanjani. Okukhulayo kulesi sithombe ukuthi akulungise imanyela, okulungile lapho kwenziwa izinto ezijikeleze kanye nezinqawomelwano zokugcina izinhloso zokuthi izinhlobo zokulingiswa kungakhi kungcola. Abasebenzisa imali ngokwezinhlobo zokuhlinzwa kuzokuthi leli sithombe silungile kakhulu ngokwezinhlobo. Abasebenzi besilisa abasebenza ngemali ngemva ngemva bazi ukuthi leli sithombe sebenza kakhulu ngokwezimo eziphakeme. Noma lapho kuzwa ukuthi kungafani noma kungafanele, leli sithombe libeke isimo sakhe, okuyindlela engqondweni ukuthi kungani izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa ziyabusa ngakho noma kunezinye izinketho ezitholakalayo.

Amaloyi Amanqaku Lwe-Molybdenum Lamahhadi Lomkhulu

Imali eziyane ne-molybdenum zihlanza ngokukhulu xa zilandelayo kuzo zimo eziphakeme ngenxa yoko azizange zikhanselwe ngokuphezulu kumaqondo nezicuke zokucula, ngakho ngaphandle kweziciqamu eziphambene nezicuke zasekhlorayithi. Umkhiqizo wemali nezinkundla zokunqamula kwezilongo ziyisebenzisa kakhulu lezi zinhlanzi nganti kudinga ukulandelana nokuphumelela kwezinkinga ezincane futhi azizange zikhanselwe ngokuphezulu yasezilwane ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Imali yobudlelwane yonqamula ukuthi izinto ezikwe ngemali ephathwe ngemolybdenum zilala ngokude kungenxa yezindlela zokucula. Lokhu kuthibela ukuthi kuncane intuthuko yokulungisa nezicuke ezinkulu zokuphazamiseka kizindaweni lapho ukuphelelwa kwezakhiwo kungenza isicathami somuntu. Kumaqondo abasebenzisa kuzo izinkampani ezikhulu, ukukhetha umkhawulana ofanele kungena ngokuphambene phakathi kwezinyathelo eziphumelelayo nezilungiso ezinciyileyo ezokudlala emva kwezinyanga.

Umbalulo Wosizebe Ngenqanawe Nomdlalo Wesikhephe

Izinto eziphakathi kuzinto eziningi zokubona ngokwesikhathi soku, lokhu kusho ukuthi abasebenzisa amabhizinisi engqikithi ukuthi zibe yini abathanda. Sebenzisa umsebenzi wolwandle noma umsebenzi wokubangela izinhlobo - ukuthola ukulinganisa okulungileyo kwenza uhlu oluphakade lapho izinto kudinga ukusebenza ngaphansi kokugcinwa. Iphesenti yesayizi yasezingeni kuyindlela. Ukulungisa okupolishiwe kwenza okuningi kuno-ke ukubona kahle; kwenza futhi ukuthi amathothi ayikhali ngokwehla. Sicabanga leli tendi iphutha ngokushesha kakhulu emakhweni ngokujwayelekile esikoleni sokubangela izinto zomoya nezindlela zokubangela izicathami. Abakhethi want izinto ezingenayo kuphela ukuthi zibe nekati elide futhi zilindele kakhulu ukulinganisa kwabo wokudizaynisa ngaphandle kokuthile kakhulu kakhulu.

Amalimi Amafumanekayo

Ukuphuma Kwesikhashana Esidingweni

Istenjis ephandle kakhulu kunazo zonke ezi zinhlanhla, okungathi kudingeka ukubuya kwenye kakhulu futhi ukunciphisa imali ngokushesha. Ngoba ayizange yaphelakanga, wonke into engenisiwe yekhanda lestenjis iyasebenza ngendlela ehlukile ngemva kokuphela kwezinsuku noma ukudinga ukulungiswa. Iziphawu zokusebenza kuvumela lokhu kahle. Thatha izifakelo lapho zisetshenziswa izinhlelo zokwenza i-isthenjis. Lezi zinhlelo ziyasebenza ngemoya noma ngemva kweminyaka engama-10, okungase kudingi izindleko encane. Kunezifakelo ezithiwa ukuthatha izindleko zokubuya ngama-25% ngamunye nghebula ngokuthi bathatha i-isthenjis njengoba kudingeka. Lokhu kwenza i-isthenjis ayikho kuphela okuphathelene nazo kepha futhi okusebenzayo ngokusemthethweni wezifakelo ezinhlelo ezinkulu.

Ukulanda kwaye Ukugcina Isiphumo

Izinto eziyinhlanzi zezinhlanzi ziyindlela ebalulekile yokuthi zikhona izindawo ezibangelwa ngokushesha futhi zikhula izindleko zokulungiswa. Lobani lula kakhulu, ngakho-ke akudingi ukulungiswa ngokukhulu. Lokhu kubalulekile kakhulu ekuhlaleni kwezinkhakhanyo nezibhedlela lapho kunezimala eziphakeme ngokuhlanjwa nokungena kwezibovu. Abasebenzisa amanzi wokulima bazi lokhu ngokwengeziwe ngokuthi izinhlanzi azikwazi ukugcina amabhaktera ngendlela ethile. Kunezinye izifundo ezibonisa ukulungiswa kudinga izikhathi ezingcolile noma ngaphezulu kunazo ezinye izindawo. Kuzomnotho, lokhu kuthinta izindleko ngokuthi kudingiwe ukulungiswa ngokuncane futhi akudingi ukuthi kube yimalipha izikhathi eziphatheni zokusebenza xa kuhlwa amathizin.

Ukuphuma Kwamanje Ngokwesikhashana Kwezindlela Zokusebenza

Istenjisile ayipheli izindleko zakathina ngoba iyaphela kude futhi ayidingi ukulungiswa kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwenqubo lwenza ukuhlanganisa okuhle phakathi kwezindleko ngoku futhi kude iyaphela, okungathiwe ukuba inani eliphezulu lezindleko litholakala ngemuva kwamathuba ngaphansi kwezindleko zokulungiswa noma ukubuyiselwa. Uma kubhekiwa amanani ekuseni kwezinye izifundo, izinkampani zinhloke ukuthola amaphela akho ngokusebenzisa istenjisile esikhulu endaweni yezinye izinto. Kunezimpendulo evela kwezinye izifundo ukuthola inqubomgwe yekhetho lezindleko ephakathi kwezindleko eziphela kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho amanani athile ayizwa ngokulinganisa nezinto zokusebenzela. Kumaqo amathisini, amabhange, nezinye izinhlangothi zokusebenza apho izindleko ezingaphansi kwezinye izigaba ziyadingeka, istenjisile iyakhiwa ngokweqile ukuba yinto enzakazeka ethola ukuqonda nokuthola amaphela akho ngemuva kwesikhathi eside.